Journal of Horticulture and Postharvest Research

Abstract Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to investigate the chemical, physicochemical, and antibacterial properties of Agaricus bisporus collected from the Zarnagh region (province of East Azerbaijan, northwestern Iran), to enhance health quality, and economic exploitation in pharmaceutics, food, and agriculture industries. The methanol extracts of Agaricus bisporus mushroom (maceration extraction method), was screened for chemicals properties. Research Method: All chemicals were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). Fruiting bodies of wild edible mushrooms (A. bisporus) were collected from the Z. region. The methanolic extracts were evaluated by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and High-performance liquid chromatography coupled to the ultraviolet detector analysis. The antibacterial activities were carried out by using three bacteria. Findings: The results of chemical and nutritional factors include crude protein (46.62 ± 0.19 g/100g), crude fat (10.59 ± 0.13 g/100g), fiber (17.76 ± 0.32 g/100g), carbohydrate (1.56 ± 0.27 g/100g) and total energy (288.3 ± 2.61 Kcal). Potassium, iron, calcium, phosphorus, sodium, and copper in considerable quantities were found in the wild edible mushroom from the Z. region. The eight compounds were identified in the crude methanolic extract by GC-MS analysis. Rutin, myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol identified by HPLC-UV analysis. The highest inhibitory activity was noticed against E. coli (PTCC 1399) with 22±0.2 mm (diameter of inhibition zone) for methanol extract. Limitations: There was no significant limitation to the report. Originality/Value: Briefly, there is no much information about the chemical profile of wild mushrooms of Iran, and this work is the first study on the chemical and antibacterial properties of Agaricus bisporus mushrooms.

Abstract Purpose: To prevent chemical toxicity, biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles has been proposed as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly reducing agent option by corm extract of Crocus sativus var. Haussknechtii and as well as, evaluate their effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Research method: Silver nanoparticles were produced in the presence of secondary metabolites of this plant. The nanoparticles were then identified using the technique ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM).The antibacterial properties were used against two microorganisms, S. aureus (Gram-positive) and E. coli (Gram-negative), using the agar well propagation method. Findings: The observation of the peak at 450 nm in the UV-Vis spectra for corm synthesized silver nanoparticles reveals the reduction of silver metal ions into silver nanoparticles. The optimum pH and AgNO3 concentrations were 9 and 4 mM, respectively. FESEM images detected the spherical Ag-NPs shape with diverse sizes ranged within 70.70–192.02 nm. Additionally, based on the antibacterial test that has been done for nanoparticles, the mean diameter of the inhibition zone after exposure to S. aureus and E. coli was 22.67±0.58 and 20.00±00 mm, respectively. Limitations: There was no significant limitation to report. Originality/Value: The corm extract of C. haussknechtii is a promising agent for the biosynthesis of almost spherical silver nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles show good Inhibition activity in different concentrations. The AgNPs synthesized by corm extract in high concentrations are found to be high antibacterial activity against two bacterial organisms. This indicates that the increase in nanoparticle diameter is directly related to antimicrobial properties.