Biotechnology and Tissue culture
Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani; Mohsen Karimi Dorche; Maryam Rahmati
Abstract
Purpose: Caladium bicolor is highly valued as both a landscape and indoor plant, primarily for its decorative appeal stemming from its diverse leaf shapes and vibrant, multicolored foliage. LED (light-emitting diode) lighting serves as a cost-efficient and potent means of promoting plant growth and development. ...
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Purpose: Caladium bicolor is highly valued as both a landscape and indoor plant, primarily for its decorative appeal stemming from its diverse leaf shapes and vibrant, multicolored foliage. LED (light-emitting diode) lighting serves as a cost-efficient and potent means of promoting plant growth and development. The impact of different LED lights was investigated on callus induction, regeneration, and plantlet growth of two cultivars of Caladium bicolor (‘White’ and ‘Red’). Research Method: Leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 IBA and 1 mg L-1 BA and moved to racks equipped with various LED lighting (100% red lights (R), 100% blue lights (B), 50% blue + 50% red lights (B+R), and 100% white fluorescent lamps (W)). Findings: Results showed W light was the best for maximum callus induction, leaf number, and plantlet height in both cultivars. Red + blue LED light spectrum motivated proliferation percentage of callus in both cultivars as compared to other light spectra. Conservation of ‘White’ caladium plantlets in R and B light spectra resulted in no hyperhydric micro shoot formation incidences. When examining various growth characteristics, it was evident that the B+R light spectrum of ‘Red’ caladium showed the best performance, while the B light spectrum in both cultivars had the least favorable outcomes compared to all other light spectra. Research limitations: There was no limitation. Originality/Value: Our findings offer a deeper understanding of how the quality of LED light impacts the in vitro propagation of caladium, potentially enhancing the cultivation of these plantlets through specific spectral exposure.
Biotechnology and Tissue culture
Mohammad Musavi Ahmadabadi; Nima Ahmadi; Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effects of Putrescine and Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) on the adventitious rooting of micro-cuttings and semi-hardwood cutting of Rosa damascena, this study was conducted under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Research Method: The rooting of micro-cuttings was induced ...
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Purpose: To investigate the effects of Putrescine and Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) on the adventitious rooting of micro-cuttings and semi-hardwood cutting of Rosa damascena, this study was conducted under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Research Method: The rooting of micro-cuttings was induced on the basal MS medium supplemented with five concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/L) of IBA and putrescine. In vivo experiment, putrescine and IBA at five concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 g/L) were applied on semi-hardwood damask cuttings, while a downward wounding was created by a sharp blade on the bases of cutting as another treatment. Findings: Data showed significant variations in the root number and root length for in vitro and in vivo cuttings treated with different concentrations of putrescine and IBA. The obtained results revealed that presence of putrescine and IBA in both conditions enhanced root formation, as significantly improved the number of roots and root length in each explant. Under in vitro conditions, the maximum root length and root number were observed on the MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l IBA+1 mg/l putrescine. Research limitations: No limitations were found. Originality/Value: The present study highlighted the role of putrescine and IBA in the adventitious rooting of R. damascena, under both in vitro and in vivo situations.
Plant Stress
Ali Momenpour; Maryam Dehestani Ardakani; Mostafa Shirmardi; Jalal Gholamnezhad; Fatemeh Ahmadi; Zahra Jamaati
Abstract
Purpose: Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a very interesting fruit tree for arid and semiarid areas in any part of the world. Like other fruit trees, the selection of tolerant rootstocks and scion is a very good strategy to reduce the adverse effects of salinity on pomegranate. Therefore, this study ...
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Purpose: Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is a very interesting fruit tree for arid and semiarid areas in any part of the world. Like other fruit trees, the selection of tolerant rootstocks and scion is a very good strategy to reduce the adverse effects of salinity on pomegranate. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of salinity stress on the growth characteristics of some selected pomegranate genotypes and introduce the most tolerant genotype(s) to salinity for use as a basis in future research. Research method: Selected pomegranate genotypes were evaluated using a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications in 2019-2020. Treatments were included 12 genotypes of Golanr-e-Shahdad (G-Shahdad), Golanr-e-Sarvestan(G-Sarvestan), Golnar-Saveh(G-Saveh), Poostsiah-e-Ardekan(Poostsiah), ‘Malas-e-Yazdi’(‘M-Yazdi’), ‘Malas-e-Saveh’(‘M-Saveh’), ‘Shishecap-e-Ferdos’ (‘Shishecap’), ‘Rabab-e-Neiriz’ (‘Rabab’), ‘Vahshi-e-Babolsar’(‘V-Babolsar’), ‘Narak-e-Lasjerd-Semnan’(‘Narak’), Chahafzal and ‘Voshik-e-Torsh-e-Saravan’(‘Voshik’) and the salinity of the irrigation water in five levels (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS.m-1). Findings: According to the results, the type of genotype and the level of salinity were affected on morphological and physiological traits as well as the concentration of nutrient elements. In all genotypes, the growth indices, relative water content (RWC), chlorophyll index, and total chlorophyll reduced as a result of increasing the salinity level. But the percentage of necrotic leaves, percentage of fallen leaves, ion leakage, concentration of Na+, the concentration of Cl- and Na+/K+ ratio increased. At salinity level of 7dS.m-1, necrotic leaves (3.11% &23.98%), fallen leaves (1.05% & 5.70%), ion leakage (5.87% & 22.10%), Na+(0.31% & 1.29%), concentration of Cl-(0.13%& 1.10%), concentration of K+(0.64% & -0.07%) and Na+/K+ ratio (0.09 & 2.28 units) increased in Chahafzal and Voshik genotypes, respectively. Research limitations: No limitations to report. Originality/Value: ‘Chahafzal’ and ‘Poostsiah’ genotypes were recognized as the most tolerant to salinity according to the results. In contrast, Voshik and M-Saveh genotypes were more sensitive to salinity. The tolerant genotypes will be used in plans as rootstocks to graft the selected genotypes on them.
Postharvest Biology and Technology
Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani; Younes Mostofi
Abstract
Purpose: Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with antifungal and eliciting properties is able to reduce postharvest decay of table grapes. Anti-fungal and anti-microbial effects of essential oils are the result of many compounds acting synergistically. In this study, the effectiveness of Thymus essential ...
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Purpose: Chitosan, a natural biopolymer with antifungal and eliciting properties is able to reduce postharvest decay of table grapes. Anti-fungal and anti-microbial effects of essential oils are the result of many compounds acting synergistically. In this study, the effectiveness of Thymus essential oil (TEO) and chitosan to control postharvest decay and quality of ‘Shahroudi’ table grape was investigated. Research Method: Grapes treated by 0.5% and 1% (w/v) solution of chitosan, 150 and 300 µl l-1 Thymus essential oil and their combination (untreated fruit were as control). At first chitosan solution prepared then Thymus essential oil was added it in combination solution. Harvested grapes were packed in 200g bags and stored at 0±2 ◦C and 90% ± 5 RH for 90 days. Findings: Differences in weight loss, color change, ripening, sensory quality and decay between grapes treated with chitosan and TEO and control fruit suggested that TEO and chitosan were both suitable coatings. Moreover, the sensory analyses revealed beneficial effects in terms of delaying rachis browning and dehydration and maintenance of the visual characteristics of the grape without detrimental effects on taste or flavors. Research limitations: It had no limitation to report. Originality/Value: TEO and chitosan might have good effects in reducing postharvest fungal rot and maintaining the quality of ‘Shahroudi’ table grapes which proved to be much more effective than TEO.
Biotechnology and Tissue culture
Soghra Rezaie; Maryam Dehestani-Ardakani; Kazem Kamali
Abstract
Purpose: Due to pharmaceutical value of Stevia plant (Stevia rebudiana Bertoni.), this study was done to introduce a new protocol for rapid mass propagation of itthrough tissue culture. Research Method: In MS medium shoot proliferation of stevia by six concentrations of BA (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 ...
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Purpose: Due to pharmaceutical value of Stevia plant (Stevia rebudiana Bertoni.), this study was done to introduce a new protocol for rapid mass propagation of itthrough tissue culture. Research Method: In MS medium shoot proliferation of stevia by six concentrations of BA (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 mg·l-1) and root induction by four concentrations of IBA (0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1 mg·l-1) was investigated.Rooting of cuttings was done both in vitro and ex vivo conditions. Findings: According to the results, the most number of stems obtained in MS medium containing 0.3 mg l-1 BA. The highest length of stems obtained in MS medium without BA and the most number of leaves observed in MS medium supplemented with 0.4 mg·l-1 BA. In in vitro situation, the most number and length of roots obtained in MS medium without IBA. The most number of rooted cuttings was obtained in IBA solution after 72 hours and about 70% of rooted cuttings were healthy. Research limitations: It had no limitation to report. Originality/value: In conclusion, it seems that the potential of producing root and shoots in stevia plant is extremely high, so its proliferation is possible using low concentrations of plant growth regulators in in vitro culture.
