Biotechnology and Tissue culture
Somaye Amini; Seyed Mahdi Ziaratnia; Ghadir Rajabzadeh
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to explore the potential of in vitro culture as a method for scaling up the production of saffron based medicinal compounds, the most expensive spice renowned. Emphasis is placed on the critical role of friable callus (FC) formation as a prerequisite for successful suspension ...
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Purpose: This study aims to explore the potential of in vitro culture as a method for scaling up the production of saffron based medicinal compounds, the most expensive spice renowned. Emphasis is placed on the critical role of friable callus (FC) formation as a prerequisite for successful suspension culture. Research method: The research primarily investigates FC formation, focusing on the impact of varying strengths of Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium as well as combinations of NAA or 2,4-D and BA or Kin on compact callus. Subsequently, the study involves supplementing the MS medium with different concentrations of 2,4-D, kin, zeatin, glutamine, sucrose, and nitrogen to establish a cell suspension culture. Findings: The highest FC yield was achieved on a solid medium containing 2,4-D (1 mg l-1)+Kin (0.2 mg l-1), resulting in a fresh weight (FW) of 0.413 g. Furthermore, MS combined with 2,4-D (1 mg l-1)+Kin (0.2 mg l-1)+glutamine (10 mg l-1), as well as MS+2,4-D (0.5 mg l-1)+zeatin (0.3 mg l-1)+glutamine (10 mg l-1), demonstrated the highest FW under suspension conditions. The study also identified that 30 g l-1 sucrose and 30 µM were optimal for inducing maximum FW. Research limitations: Cell biomass is influenced by several factors that should to be optimized. Originality/Value: This research concludes that a cell suspension system holds promise for rapidly generating sufficient cell biomass to produce valuable secondary metabolites within a limited timeframe and space. Notably, the system successfully increased biomass from 0.2 to 1.2 g, underscoring its potential for efficient saffron-based product development.
Plant Growth Regulators
Seyed Mahdi Ziaratnia; Somayeh Amini
Abstract
Purpose: The efficiency of callus induction as source of bioactive compound is a critical step in the cell suspension culture for commercial production of important secondary metabolites. One of the main factors affecting callus efficiency is the developmental stage of explants. On the other hands, it ...
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Purpose: The efficiency of callus induction as source of bioactive compound is a critical step in the cell suspension culture for commercial production of important secondary metabolites. One of the main factors affecting callus efficiency is the developmental stage of explants. On the other hands, it has been declared that the optimization of medium composition has a significant influence on callogenesis and increment of biomass. Research method: The aim of this study was the evaluation of different developmental stages of saffron corms as a source of explant preparation (immature and mature corms), plant growth regulators (PGRs) combinations (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D); 6-Benzyladenine (BA) and kinetin (Kin)) and type of medium (Gamborg (B5) medium and Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium) in callus induction in saffron corms to increase cell biomass. The media were supplemented with different combinations of 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid or 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4, 8 mgL-1) as auxins and 6-Benzyladenine or kinetin (1, 4, 8 mgL-1) as cytokinin. Findings: The results showed that mature corms harvested in May had the best developmental stage for callogenesis. The maximum callus formation was recorded in B5 medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (4 mgL-1) and kinetin (1 mgL-1) with 2.61 g fresh weight. Limitations: No limitations to report. Originality/Value: This protocol for sampling explant and callus formation was found to make suitable sources of plant material for further study in production of bioactive compounds via cell suspension cultures.
Plant Growth Regulators
Somaye Amini; Seyed Mahdi Ziaratnia
Abstract
Purpose: Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a valuable medicinal plant with a short flowering period. Its flowering management can be useful for the production of saffron in a farm or controlled condition. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on saffron ...
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Purpose: Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) is a valuable medicinal plant with a short flowering period. Its flowering management can be useful for the production of saffron in a farm or controlled condition. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on saffron corms sprouting. Research method: For this purpose, corms were treated with different PGRs including α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0, 100, 200, 300 ppm), chlorocholine chloride (CCC) (0, 100, 200, 300 ppm) and gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 5, 10, 20 ppm) for two hours and incubated at 20-22 °C for eight weeks. Findings: The results revealed that the effect of PGRs on corms sprouting was significant. It has been shown that treatment of corms with auxin at all concentrations reduced sprouting compared to the control. To prolong dormancy for five weeks, NAA at 200 mg L-1 was the best choice. While for the fifth week onwards, the most effective treatment was NAA at 100 ppm. Treatment with GA3 (20 ppm) has shown a stimulatory effect on corm sprouting. Research limitations: No limitations were founded. Originality/Value: Sprouting acceleration can keep flowering away from early autumn frosting in farm conditions, while prolongation of corms dormancy provides the possibility of harvesting saffron flowers in several times in a hydroponic system. The results of this study suggested two kinds of chemical for different purposes, inhibition and stimulation of sprouting of saffron corms that can be applicable for saffron hydroponic or farm production, respectively.
