Postharvest Biology and Technology
Rivalanny Granny Baloyi; Tieho Paulus Mafeo; Nhlanhla Mathaba
Abstract
Purpose: This study investigated the effect of harvest time, postharvest dehydration + waxing and storage temperature on rind- free and conjugated phenolics and their ability to alleviate chilling injury and pitting of ‘Benny’ Valencia oranges during cold storage. Research method: Fruit were ...
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Purpose: This study investigated the effect of harvest time, postharvest dehydration + waxing and storage temperature on rind- free and conjugated phenolics and their ability to alleviate chilling injury and pitting of ‘Benny’ Valencia oranges during cold storage. Research method: Fruit were harvested at early, mid- and late season, and thereafter, divided into control, dehydrated, waxed + dehydrated portions. After treatment, fruit were stored at -0.6 and 4.5°C for 28 days, thereafter, 7 days at ambient temperature (25°C). Findings: In general, peel pitting index (PPI) was significantly higher for late season fruit, while, CI was higher for early season fruit, especially at -0.6°C storage. Furthermore, dehydration stress without waxing resulted in significantly higher PPI and CI at -0.6°C when compared with 4.5°C storage. With respect to both free and soluble conjugated phenolics, the control fruit showed higher levels of rind phenolics, especially at late harvest across all the storage temperatures. Therefore, untreated fruit appeared to tolerate cold stress by up-regulating endogenous systems of total rind phenolics. Postharvest dehydration repressed endogenous phenolics synthesis. In conclusion, susceptibility to pitting disorder increases with harvest time, dehydration stress, while fruit harvested early were highly susceptible to CI. Research limitations: The main limitation of this study is the lack of specific phenolics. Originality/Value: The study found that dehydration plus waxing has a significant effect on chilling and non-chilling citrus ‘Benny’ Valencia fruit. Furthermore, these treatments induced an increase in rind total phenolics to mitigate rind physiological disorders during extended cold storage.
Postharvest Biology and Technology
Eulenda Mabunda; Tieho Mafeo; Nhlanhla Mathaba; Duduzile Buthelezi; Thabiso Satekge
Abstract
Purpose: Low temperature storage is commonly used to extend papaya (Carica papaya L.) fruit storability. The optimal recommended storage temperature is below 10 °C for export and distant markets. However, chilling injury (CI) disorder occurs at 10 °C or lower temperatures (5-8 °C) during ...
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Purpose: Low temperature storage is commonly used to extend papaya (Carica papaya L.) fruit storability. The optimal recommended storage temperature is below 10 °C for export and distant markets. However, chilling injury (CI) disorder occurs at 10 °C or lower temperatures (5-8 °C) during prolonged cold storage. Chilling injury affects fruit quality and consumer preference. Therefore, the study investigated the potential of postharvest polyamine dips to improve the quality and shelf-life of ‘Solo’ papaya fruit. Research Method: Mature papaya fruit were treated with putrescine (PUT) dips (0, 1, 2 or 3 mM) and stored for 21 days at 7.5 °C plus 6 days at ambient temperature. Findings: The results showed that 2 and 3 mM PUT treatment significantly (P<0.05) reduced mass and firmness loss compared to 1 mM PUT dips and untreated fruit. The same trend was observed in peel colour change. Furthermore, the results showed that 2 mM PUT treatment retained lower titratable acid and total soluble solids values compared to control fruit. Research limitations: The study did not focus on Put mode of action including antioxidant system response. Originality/Value: The study demonstrated that 2 and 3 mM PUT postharvest dips reduce ‘Solo’ papaya pathological and physiological disorders during low temperature long storage. Therefore, 2 mM has the potential to improve postharvest quality by reducing the onset/development of pathological and physiological disorders under low temperature storage thereby benefitting exporters.
Postharvest Biology and Technology
Majeed Mohammed; Zareef Aqeeb Mohammed; Aneesa Mohammed; Omaida Mohammed
Abstract
Purpose: Exotic fruits could fulfill global requirements of health-conscious consumers, providing efficient postharvest management protocols are implemented to assure safety and quality. Research Methods: Compositional changes of ripe balata fruits (Manilkara bidentata), were investigated when seal-packaged ...
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Purpose: Exotic fruits could fulfill global requirements of health-conscious consumers, providing efficient postharvest management protocols are implemented to assure safety and quality. Research Methods: Compositional changes of ripe balata fruits (Manilkara bidentata), were investigated when seal-packaged in low density polyethylene (LDPE) for 7 days at 6-7°C and 28-30°C. Mature Spanish tamarind (Vangueria edulis) fruits were stored at 20°C and 30°C and ripening changes analyzed after 3 days. Quarter-sliced mature-green (M1) and ripe-yellow (M2) West Indian lime (Citrus aurantifolia) were seal-packaged in LDPE at 4-5°C, 7-8°C and 28-30°C and evaluated over seven consecutive days. Findings: Balata seal-packaged in LDPE for 7 days at 6-7°C and at 28-30°C, accounted for lower fresh weight losses, higher total soluble solids (TSS), pH, TSS:TTA, vitamin C, better skin-gloss appearance and more acceptable flavor than control fruits over the same period. Ripe Spanish tamarind stored at 20°C and 30°C and 75-85% relative humidity had a yellowish-brown skin and pulp color, TSS (3.0-3.1%), TTA (2.24g/100g - 2.48g/100g), TSS:TTA (1:1.3), pH (3.4) and vitamin C (1.84 mg/100g). West Indian lime M2 quarter-slices at 7-8°C secured superior quality ratings due to the absence of chilling injury symptoms, cut-edge browning and fermentative aroma compared to similar treatments after 4 days at 4-5°C. At 28-30°C, M1 and M2 became unmarketable in less than two days. Research Limitations: More cultivars required. Originality/value: The unique postharvest quality characteristics of exotic fruits could be successfully managed to fulfill the basic requirements of health-conscious consumers and to exploit existing and potential niche markets.
Postharvest Biology and Technology
Majeed Mohammed; Lynda Wickham
Abstract
Purpose: This paper provides an in-depth critical review and analysis of recent research undertaken to optimize quality during harvesting, postharvest handling, processing and utilization of breadnut (Artocarpus camansi Blanco). Findings: This treatise provided a comprehensive review on the significance ...
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Purpose: This paper provides an in-depth critical review and analysis of recent research undertaken to optimize quality during harvesting, postharvest handling, processing and utilization of breadnut (Artocarpus camansi Blanco). Findings: This treatise provided a comprehensive review on the significance of breadnut as an ideal staple and famine food due to its abundance, processing options, high percentage of complex carbohydrates, unique flavor and culinary qualities. Market potential for this fruit across the globe and its projection to multiply is reviewed as related to increasing demand for fiber rich fruits, utilization in ethnic cuisine and in traditional medicine. The fruit is highly perishable with a shelf life of not more than 2-3 days under ambient conditions. Breadnut rapidly transforms when harvested mature green after 2-3 days to a soft texture and the outer skin of the milky white seeds change to a brown, brittle, tough netlike rind while the flesh changes from a white colour to a light yellow colour. The combined effects of rapid softening and high susceptibility to chilling injury contribute immensely to its short shelf life. Limitations: There were no significant limitations as the literature was available and access to communicate with authors were easily facilitated by the internet. Directions for future research:This istheonly review which collated the findings on postharvest physiology and utilization of breadnut. This information will be useful for tree breeding programs, in order to popularize breadnut as a commercial crop and promote food security at the household and community levels.
Postharvest Biology and Technology
Seeseei Molimau-Samasoni; Veronica Vaavia; Ron B. H. Wills
Abstract
Purpose: Breadfruit is a tropical climacteric fruit consumed as an unripe starchy vegetable hence export requires some postharvest technology to inhibit ripening during marketing. Research in the Caribbean found storage at 12 °C was optimal to delay ripening without fruit developing chilling ...
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Purpose: Breadfruit is a tropical climacteric fruit consumed as an unripe starchy vegetable hence export requires some postharvest technology to inhibit ripening during marketing. Research in the Caribbean found storage at 12 °C was optimal to delay ripening without fruit developing chilling injury. Breadfruit is a major horticultural commodity in Samoa with New Zealand a target export destination. This paper examines the ability of low temperatures to extend the storage life of unripe Samoan breadfruit and thus facilitate export. Research method: Puou and Maafala breadfruit were stored at temperatures from 12 to 25 °C and observed for time to ripen and to exhibit chilling injury symptoms as these factors determine storage life. Main findings: Time to ripen increased as the temperature was lowered but chilling injury occurred on all fruit stored at 12 and 15 °C and many stored at 17 °C. The longest storage life was attained at 17 °C with 11 days for Puou and 16 days for Maafala fruit with storage terminated by a mix of fruit ripening and developing chilling injury. Limitations: Questions remain as to the importance of mild chilling injury to influence purchase. Originality/Value: Samoan breadfruit is more chilling sensitive than Caribbean fruit and thus must be transported at higher temperatures than Caribbean fruit. Use of 17 °C gave the longest storage life for Samoan breadfruit which is sufficient for the 10 days required to export by air to New Zealand but is less than the 21 days required to export breadfruit by sea.
Postharvest Biology and Technology
Farid Moradinezhad; Mehdi Khayyat; Fatemeh Ranjbari; Zahra Maraki
Abstract
Purpose: Pomegranate fruit is highly susceptible to water loss and chilling injuries during postharvest cold storage. Thus an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of modified atmosphere packaging on pomegranate shelf life and chilling resistance under cold storage. Research method: Treatments ...
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Purpose: Pomegranate fruit is highly susceptible to water loss and chilling injuries during postharvest cold storage. Thus an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of modified atmosphere packaging on pomegranate shelf life and chilling resistance under cold storage. Research method: Treatments were vacuum packed and unpacked fruits (control) that were stored in a cold room at 5 ± 0.5 °C and 80 ± 5% RH. At the end of each storage period (30, 40, 50, 70, 90 and 130 days), packed fruits were assessed for physicochemical and quality parameters while control fruit were assessed after 90 days of storage. Findings: Results showed that packaging improves TSS/TA, and some color attributes, and decreased anthocyanin, total acidity, weight loss, electrolyte leakage, chilling injury index and unmarketable fruits. Evaluation of traits in different durations showed that vacuum packaging significantly reduced weight loss, electrolyte leakage, chilling injury index, and interestingly decreased the number of unmarketable fruits by 30%, compared with control. Anthocyanin contents significantly decreased since day 70 of storage. The a* and chroma values of peel significantly increased in packaging treatments as storage period progressed, however, hue value significantly decreased, compared with control. Research limitations: There was no significant limitation to report. Originality/Value: The results suggest that bulk vacuum packaging can be used for up to 3 months to successfully alleviate chilling injury, reduce weight loss and the postharvest losses, and to extend the storage life of pomegranate fruit during cold storage.
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