Response of Oasian and exotic pepper (Capsicum spp.) cultivars from Tunisia to salt stress at germination and early seedling stages

El Khaldi, Rabeb; Latifa, Dhaouadi; Houda, Besser

doi:10.22077/jhpr.2020.3200.1129

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Regional Research Center in Oasis Agriculture of Degache, road of Tozeur Km1, 2260 Degache, Tunisia

² 2UR13AGR09- Integrated Horticultural Production in the Tunisian Centre East, Regional Centre of Research on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, University of Sousse, 4042, Chott –Mariem, Tunisia

³ High Institutes of Sciences and Techniques of Water, Gabes –Tunisia

https://doi.org/10.22077/jhpr.2020.3200.1129

Abstract

Purpose: In Oasis areas, salinity becomes a real threat for sustainable agricultural production, and with the introduction of non-native varieties, salinity pressure is more expressed and has harmful outcomes to the local ecosystem and biodiversity. In this context the present study was conducted to compare salt stress behavior of local oasian and introduced cultivars. Research method: Seeds of two local oasian cultivars namely Djerid (Dj) and Nefta (Ne) and one exotic cultivar namely Cayenne (Ca) were treated with four salt concentrations (0; 2.5; 5 and 7g/l NaCl). Salt stress responses were evaluated using germination parameters and early seedling growth. Findings: Results revealed that the increase of salinity level had negatively effect on germination and early seedling for the three cultivars. However oasian cultivars were found to be the most tolerant to salinity. Ne cultivar showed the highest germination percentage and germination index and the lowest mean germination time at 7g/l NaCl concentration. Also, “Ne” performs better on seedling traits as indicated by the less effect of the high salinity on radicle and plumule length as well as plumule fresh weight, compared to the other cultivars. The introduced cultivar “Ca” was identified to be the most sensitive to salt stress. Limitations: No limitations were founded. Originality/Value: This study valorized the autochthone chili pepper cultivars by highlighting their salt stress tolerance. Thus, oasian genotypes could be very useful as genetic resources for the development of chili pepper cultivars with improved germination and seedling growth under salt-stress conditions.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Abdel Latef, A. A. (2010). Changes of antioxidative enzymes in salinity tolerance among different wheat cultivars. Cereal Research Communications, 38, 43-55. https://doi.org/10.1556/crc.38.2010.1.5

Almodares, A., Hadi, M. R., & Dosti, B. (2007). Effects of salt stress on germination percentage and seedling growth in sweet sorghum cultivars. Journal of Biological Sciences, 7(8), 1492-1495. https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2007.1492.1495

Aloui, H., Souguir, M., & Cherif, H. (2014). Effect of salt stress (NaCl) on germination and early seedling parameters of three pepper cultivars (Capsicum annuum L.). Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry, 10 (1), 14-25.

AOSA. (1983). Seed vigor hand testing book, contribution N° 32 to the handbook on seed testing. Association of Official Seed Analysis. Springfield, USA. 122-128.

Ashraf, M., & Foolad, M. R. (2005). Pre-sowing seed treatment-a shotgun approach to improve germination growth and crop yield under saline and none-saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy, 88, 223-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2113(05)88006-x

Ashraf, M., Khan, M. A., & Ahsan, S. A. (1990). Effect of salinity (NaCl) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) on germination, seedling growth and water uptake of sorghum. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering and Veterinary Sciences, 6, 33-36.

Azhar, F. M., & McNeilly, T. (1988). The genetic basis of variation for salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, seedlings. Plant Breed, 101, 114-121. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.1988.tb00275.x

Bekmirzaev, G., Beltrao, J., Neves, M. A., & Costa, C. (2011). Climatical changes effects on the potential capacity of salt removing species. International Journal of Geology, 5, 79-85.

Bertazzini, M., Sacchi, G. A., & Forlani, G. (2018). A differential tolerance to mild salt stress conditions among six Italian rice genotypes does not rely on Na+ exclusion from shoots. Journal of Plant Physiology, 226, 145-153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2018.04.011

Chakma, P., Hossain, M., & Rabbani, G. (2019). Effects of salinity stress on seed germination and seedling growth of tomato. Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, 17 (4), 490-499. https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i4.44617

Costa, M., Beltrao, J., De Brito, J. C., & Guerrero, C. (2011). Turfgrass plant quality response to different water regimes. WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development, 7 (6), 167-176.

Cuartero, J., Bolarin, M. C., Asins, M. J., & Moreno, V. (2006). Increasing salt tolerance in the tomato. Journal of Experimental Botany, 5, 1045-1058. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erj102

Ellis, R. H., & Roberts, E. H. (1981). The quantification of ageing and survival inorthodox seeds. Seed Science and Technology, 9, 373-409.

Eskandari, H., & Kazemi, K. (2011). Germination and seedling properties of different wheat cultivars under salinity conditions. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 3 (3), 130-134. https://doi.org/10.15835/nsb336118

Foolad, M. R. (1996). Response to selection for salt tolerance during germination in tomato seed derived from P.I. 174263. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 121, 1006-10011. https://doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.6.1006

Foolad, M. R., & Lin, G. Y. (1997). Genetic potential for salt tolerance during germination in Lycopersicon species. Horticulturae Science, 32, 296-300. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.2.296

Huang, J., & Redmann, R. E. (1995). Salt tolerance of Hordeum and Brassica species during germination and early seedling growth. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 75, 815-819. https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps95-137

Ibrahim, E. A. (2016). Seed priming to alleviate salinity stress in germinating seeds. Journal of Plant Physiology, 192, 38-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2015.12.011

Karimi, N., Soheilikhah, Z., Ghasmpour, H. R., & Zebarjadi, A. (2011). Effect of salinity stress on germination and early seedling growth of different Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes. Journal of Ecobiotechnology, 3(10), 07-13. https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2010.38.1.07

Kaveh, H., Nemati, H., Farsi, M., & Jartoodeh, S. V. (2011). How salinity affects germination and emergence of tomato lines. Journal of Biological and Environmental Science, 5, 159-63.

Kazemi, E. M., Jonoubi, P., Pazhouhandeh, M., Majd, A., & Aliasgharpour, M. (2014). Response of variable tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) genotypes to salinity at germination and early seedling growth stages. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 4 (2), 2231-4490.

Kpinkoun, J. K., Zanklan, S. A., Montcho, D., Kinsou, E., Komlan, F. A., Armel C. Mensah, G., Wouyou, A. D., & Gandonou, C. B. (2018). Response of chili pepper (Capsicum spp.) cultivars cultivated in Benin to salt stress at germination stage. International Journal of Plant and Soil Science, 23(3), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2018/42118

Krishnamurthy, L., Serraj, R., Hash, A. J., & Reddy, B. V. (2007). Screening sorghum genotypes for salinity tolerant biomass production. Euphytica, 156, 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-006-9343-9

Rozema, J., & Flowers, T. (2008). Crops for a salinized world. Science, 322, 1478-1480. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1168572

Sarabi, B., Bolandnazar, S., Ghaderi, N., & Ghashghaie, J. (2017). Genotypic differences in physiological and biochemical responses to salinity stress in melon (Cucumis melo L.) plants: Prospects for selection of salt tolerant landraces. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 119, 294-311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.09.006

Sivritepe, N., Sivritepe, H. O., & Eris, A. (2003). The effects of NaCl priming on salt tolerance in melon seedlings grown under saline conditions. Scientia Horticulturae, 97, 229-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-4238(02)00198-x

Thiam, M., Champion, A., Diouf, D., & Ourèye, S. Y. M. (2013). NaCl effects on in vitro germination and growth of some Senegalese cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) cultivars. ISRN Biotechnology, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5402/2013/382417

Yildirim, E., & Guvenc, S. (2006). Salt tolerance of pepper cultivars during germination and seedling growth. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 30, 347-353.

Wang, Z., Wang, J., Bao, Y., Wu, Y., & Zhang, H. (2011). Quantitative trait loci controlling rice seed germination under salt stress. Euphytica, 178, 297-307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-010-0287-8

Welbaum, G. E., Tissaoui, T., & Bradford, K. J. (1990). Water relations of seed development and germination in muskmelon (Cucumis melon L.). Sensitivity of germination to water potential and abscisic acid during development. Plant Physiology, 92, 1029-1037. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.92.4.1029

Journal of Horticulture and Postharvest Research

Response of Oasian and exotic pepper (Capsicum spp.) cultivars from Tunisia to salt stress at germination and early seedling stages

References

References

Volume 4, Issue 1 - Serial Number 9
March 2021
March 2021
Pages 13-24

Response of Oasian and exotic pepper (Capsicum spp.) cultivars from Tunisia to salt stress at germination and early seedling stages

References

References

Volume 4, Issue 1 - Serial Number 9March 2021March 2021Pages 13-24

Volume 4, Issue 1 - Serial Number 9
March 2021
March 2021
Pages 13-24