Comparative analysis of the odorants of cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) and culantro (Eryngium foetidum L.,) as aromatic crop mimics of family: Apiaceae

Bridgemohan, Puran; Bridgemohan, Ronell S. H.; Mohammed, Majeed; Deitch, Mathew; Sarran, Hana

doi:10.22077/jhpr.2021.4260.1203

Document Type : Review Article

Authors

¹ Tropical Research and Education Center, IFAS Research, University of Florida, Homestead, FL 33031, USA

² West Florida Research and Education Center, UF – IFAS

³ Department of Food Production, Faculty of Food and Agriculture, University of the West Indies, Trinidad

⁴ Allied Health, Monroe College, 2501 Jerome Ave, Bronx, NY

https://doi.org/10.22077/jhpr.2021.4260.1203

Abstract

Purpose: Fresh leaves of cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.), and culantro (Eryngium foetidum L.,) are used interchangeably based on similar odor, aroma and flavor and considered culinary substitutes. Cilantro is ethnically called “false coriander” and a mixed method approach to determine the possibility of crop mimicry was reviewed. Critical analysis was done on botanical, phylogenic traits and trees, dendogram, molecular, and phytochemical similarities of the odorants. Findings: The study indicated that C. sativum and E. foetidum, belonged to two different subfamilies of Apiaceae, appeared morphologically divergent, but phytochemically similar in aroma and odorants indicating a classical example of convergent evolution in the plant kingdom. Five odor clusters with over 20 similar phytochemicals with the co‐elution of E‐2‐alkenals and E‐2‐alken‐1‐ols were identified. Greater levels E‐2‐dodecenal in E. foetidum (63.5%) compared to C. sativum, (26.0%) accounted for dominant odor which is found in crop mimics due to selective agricultural practices and the evolution of agricultural races of weeds. Multiple mechanisms explained how plant mimic evolved from “de‐domestication” and hybridization. Evolutionary origins and genetic diversity characterized genomics of E. foetidum as an aggressive aromatic pungent weed, and C. sativum as a fragrant herb. Limitations: There are no limitations in this review. Directions for future research: Organolepticpreference for the essential oils of coriander seeds and a clearer understanding of the phytochemical relationships between C. sativum and E. foetidum are required.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Medicinal Plants

References

Alp, F. M., & Geboluglu, M. D. (2017). Two different molecular markers (SSR & IPBS) assessment on Coriandrum sativum L. with capillary electrophoresis. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 26, 4568-4573.

An, J., Nie, Y., & Xu, Y. (2019). Structural insights into alcohol dehydrogenases catalyzing asymmetric reductions. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, 39(3), 366-379. https://doi.org/10.1080/07388551.2019.1566205

Banout, J. A. N., Havlik, J., Kulik, M., Kloucek, P., Lojka, B., & Valterova, I. (2010). Effect of solar drying on the composition of essential oil of sacha culantro (Eryngium foetidum L.) grown in the Peruvian Amazon. Journal of Food Process Engineering, 33(1), 83-103. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4530.2008.00261.x.

Bijaya, D., Panna, D., & Singh, B.H. (2016). Economic uses of Eryngo/Culantro (Eryngium foetidum. Linnaeus). A Review. Pleione 10(2), 356-361.

Bridgemohan, P., Mohammed, M., Bridgemohan, R. S. H., & Mohammed, Z. (2020). Ecophysiology of anaerobiosis stress due to flood and waterlogging in rice. Journal of Horticulture and Postharvest Research, 3(1), 11-28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22077/jhpr.2020.2962.1110.

Cardozo E., M., Rubio, L. B., & A. Usubillaga, A. (2004). Composition of the essential oil from the Leaves of Eryngium foetidum L. from the Venezuelan Andes, Journal of Essential Oil Research, 16(1), 33-34. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2004.9698645

Chicaiza Chiguano, M. E. (2019). Efecto antimicrobiano del aceite esencial del Coriandrum sativum (cilantro) al 25, 50 y 100% sobre cándida albicans. Estudio in vitro (Bachelor's thesis, Quito: UCE). https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C10&q.

Cohen, Y., Gisi, U., & Mosinger, E. (1991). Systemic resistance of potato plants against Phytophthora infestans induced by unsaturated fatty acids. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 38(4), 255-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0885-5765(05)80117-1.

Das, S. (2020). Phytochemical diversity in tracing convergent evolution in Apiaceae. National Academy Science Letters, 43(6), 563-565. https://doi.org /0.1007/s40009-020-00902-6.

Diederichsen, A., & Hammer, K. (2003). The intraspecific taxa of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 50(1), 33-63. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022973124839.

Downie, S. R., Katz‐Downie, D. S., & Watson, M. F. (2000). A phylogeny of the flowering plant family Apiaceae based on chloroplast DNA rpl16 and rpoC1 intron sequences: towards a suprageneric classification of subfamily Apioideae. American Journal of Botany, 87(2), 273-292. https://doi.org/10.2307/2656915.

Eriksson, N., Wu, S., & Do, C.B. (2012). A genetic variant near olfactory receptor genes influences cilantro preference. Flavour 1, 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/2044-7248-1-22.

Eyres, G., Dufour, J. P., Hallifax, G., Sotheeswaran, S., & Marriott, P. J. (2005). Identification of character‐impact odorants in coriander and wild coriander leaves using gas chromatography‐olfactometry (GCO) and comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography–time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (GC× GC–TOFMS). Journal of Separation Science, 28(9‐10), 1061-1074. https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.200500012.

Ganesan, P., Phaiphan, A., Murugan, Y., & Baharin, B.S. (2013). Comparative study of bioactive compounds in curry and coriander leaves: An Update (Review). Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 5(11), 590-594. ISSN: 0975-7384.

Garcia, M. D., Saenz, M. T., Gomez, M. A., & Fernandez, M. A. (1999). Topical anti-inflammatory activity of phytosterols isolated from Eryngium foetidum on chronic and acute inflammation models. Phytotherapy Research: An International Journal Devoted to Pharmacological and Toxicological Evaluation of Natural Product Derivatives, 13(1), 78-80. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199902)13:1%3C78::AID-PTR384%3E3.0.CO;2-F.

Huelsenbeck, J. P., Bull, J. J., & Cunningham, C. W. (1996). Combining data in phylogenetic analysis. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 11(4), 152-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-5347(96)10006-9

Jaramillo B., E., Duarte, E., & Martelo. I. (2011). Volatile chemical composition of the essential oil from Colombian Eryngium foetidum L. and determination of its antioxidant activity. Revista Cubana de Plantas Medicinales 16(2), 140-150. ISSN 1028-4796.

Kachroo, A., & Kachroo, P. (2009). Fatty acid–derived signals in plant defense. Annual review of Phytopatholy, 47, 153-176. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080508-081820.

Lu, Q., Harmalkar, D. S., Choi, Y., & Lee, K. (2019). An overview of saturated cyclic ethers: Biological profiles and synthetic strategies. Molecules, 24(20), 3778, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203778.

Nadeem, M., Anjum, F. M., Khan, M. I., Tehseen, S., El‐Ghorab, A., & Sultan, J. I. (2013). Nutritional and medicinal aspects of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.): A review. British Food Journal, 115, 743-755. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070701311331526.

Maroufi, K., Farahani, H. A., & Darvishi, H. H. (2010). Importance of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) between the medicinal and aromatic plants. Advances in Environmental Biology, 4(3), 433-436. http://www.aensionline.com/aeb/2010/433-436.pdf.

Mata-Pérez, C., Sánchez-Calvo, B., Begara-Morales, J. C., Luque, F., Jiménez-Ruiz, J., Padilla, M. N., & Barroso, J. B. (2015). Transcriptomic profiling of linolenic acid-responsive genes in ROS signaling from RNA-seq data in Arabidopsis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6(122), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00122.

Mei, H., & Nai-Zheng, D. (2020). Plant unsaturated fatty acids: Multiple Roles in Stress Response. Frontiers in Plant Science, 11(562785),1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.562785.

Mohammed, M., & Wickham, L.D. (1995). Postharvest retardation of senescence in shado benni (Eryngium foetidum L.). Journal of Food Quality, 18(4), 325-334. ISSN:0146-9428.

Mohammed, M. (2020). Potential of export marketing for shado benni plants. (Personnal Communication).

Paul, J. H. A., Seaforth, C.E., & T. Tikasingh, T. (2011). Eryngium foetidum L.: A review." Fitoterapia 82(3), 302-308. ISSN:0367-326X.

Potter, T. L., & Fagerson, I. S. (1990). Composition of coriander leaf volatiles. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 38(11), 2054-2056. ISSN:0021-8561.

Puente V., S. L. (2019). Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity of extracts of sacha culantro (Erynguim foetidum L.) and copaiba oil (Copaifera paupera) from the province of Colonel Portillo, Ucayali. L Bridge Vigo – 2019 - repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe; https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=8959111472332090135

Ramcharan, C. (1999). Culantro: A much utilized, little understood herb. In: J. Janick (ed.), Perspectives on new crops and new uses. ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA. p. 506-509.

Rizzo, W. B. (2014). Fatty aldehyde and fatty alcohol metabolism: Review and importance for epidermal structure and function. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1841(3), 377-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.09.001.

Rodrigues, T. L. M., Castro, G. L. S., Viana, R. G., Gurgel, E. S. C., Silva, S. G., de Oliveira, M. S., & Andrade, E. H. D. A. (2020). Physiological performance and chemical compositions of the Eryngium foetidum L. (Apiaceae) essential oil cultivated with different fertilizer sources. Natural Product Research, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2020.1795653.

Sankat, C.K. & V. Maharaj, V. (1991). Refrigerated storage of shado benni (Eryngium foetidum L.). Proceedings of the Agricultural Institute of Canada. Annual Conference, July, 1991, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=

Seaforth, C., Tikasingh, T., Gupta, M., & St Rose, G. (2008). A study for the development of a handbook of selected Caribbean herbs for industry. 126 pp. cgspace.cgiar.org. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cluster=14089868024473441666&hl=en&as_sdt=0,5.

Seaforth, C.E., Adams., C. D., & Sylvester, Y. (1983). Eryngium foetidum—fitweed, shado beni (Umbelliferae). In: A guide to the medicinal plants of Trinidad and Tobago. Pall Mall, London: Commonwealth Secretariat.; https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=XF2015044131

Shahwar, M. K., El-Ghorab, A. H., Anjum, F. M., Butt, M. S., Hussain, S., & Nadeem, M. (2012). Characterization of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seeds and leaves: volatile and non-volatile extracts. International Journal of Food Properties, 15(4), 736-747. https://doi.org/10.1080/10942912.2010.500068.

Shavandi, M. A., Haddadian, Z., & Ismail, M. H. S. (2012). Eryngium foetidum L. Coriandrum sativum and Persicaria odorata L.: a review. Journal of Asian Scientific Research, 2(8), 410-426. http://aessweb.com/journal-detail.php?id=5003.

Singh, B. K., Ramakrishna, Y., & Ngachan, S. V. (2014). Spiny coriander (Eryngium foetidum L.): a commonly used, neglected spicing-culinary herb of Mizoram, India. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 61(6), 1085-1090. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-014-0130-5.

Singh, S., Agrawal, N., & Mishra, I. (2020). Pharmacology and Phytochemistry of Coriander. In Ethnopharmacological Investigation of Indian Spices (pp. 173-196). IGI Global.

Upchurch, R. G. (2008). Fatty acid unsaturation, mobilization, and regulation in the response of plants to stress. Biotechnology Letters, 30(6), 967-977. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-008-9639-z.

Willis, J. C. (1960). A dictionary of the flowering plants and ferns. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C10&q=

Wong, K. C., Feng, M. C., Sam, T. W., & Tan, G. L. (1994). Composition of the leaf and root oils of Eryngium foetidum L. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 6(4), 369-374. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.1994.9698401.

Comparative analysis of the odorants of cilantro (Coriandrum sativum L.) and culantro (Eryngium foetidum L.,) as aromatic crop mimics of family: Apiaceae

References

References

Volume 4, Issue 4 - Serial Number 15December 2021December 2021Pages 479-496

Volume 4, Issue 4 - Serial Number 15
December 2021
December 2021
Pages 479-496