Document Type : Original Article
Authors
Horticulture Department, Agriculture Faculty, Kabul University, Kabul, Afghanistan
Abstract
Purpose: This investigation aimed to study the effect of mother bulb surface cutting, weight and date of planting on plant growth, seed yield and seed quality of onions. Research method: The experiment was conducted during 2020 at the Agriculture Research Farm of Kabul University. The study was designed in split-split plot Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and data for plant biometry, seed yield and seed quality was recorded. The recorded data were statistically analyzed with R software. Findings: The study revealed that, surface cutting of mother bulbs alone does not influence plant growth and seed yield. However, the interaction of large bulb and bulb surface cutting was significant on seed yield. The large sized whole bulbs produced higher seed yield (938.33 Kg ha-1) as compared to other treatments. Early planting produced vigorous plants as compare late planting. Large bulbs (126-175 g) produced vigorous plants and highest seed yield (820.83 Kg ha-1). However, the seed yield (805.83 Kg ha-1) produced by plants obtained from medium bulbs (76-125 g) was on par with those produced from large bulbs. Research limitations: No limitations to report. Originality/Value: Based on the findings of the study, the farmers are recommended to avoid the surface cutting of mother bulbs and follow early planting (20th March) of medium sized bulbs (76-125 g) for vigorous plants and higher seed yield of onion.
Keywords
Main Subjects
Aboukhadrah, S., Alsayed, A., Sobhy, L., & Abdelmasieh, W. (2017). Response of onion yield and quality to different planting date, methods and density. Egyptian Journal of Agronomy, 39(2), 203–219. https://doi.org/10.21608/agro.2017.1203.1065
Ali, J., Abdurrab, Muhammad, H., Ali, M., Rashid, A., Shakoor, A., Khan, A., Khan, J., Jamal, A., & Khan, H. (2016). Effect of sowing dates and phosphorus levels on growth and bulb production of onion. Pure and Applied Biology, 5(3), 406–417. https://doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2016.50053
Ali, N., Baloch, M. A. & Hussain, S. A. (1998). Study on the effects of planting space and bulb size on seed production in onion crop. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 14(6), 563–568. https://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=PK2001000348
Amalfitano, C., Golubkina, N. A., Del Vacchio, L., Russo, G., Cannoniero, M., Somma, S., Morano, G., Cuciniello, A., & Caruso, G. (2019). Yield, antioxidant components, oil content, and composition of onion seeds are influenced by planting time and density. Plants, 8(8), 293. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8080293
Aminpour, R., & Mortazavibak, A. (2004). Mother bulb size and planting pattern effects on seed quality and quantity of onion (Allium Cepa L.) cv. Texas Early Grano 502. Seed and Plant, 20(1), 39–48.
Ashagrie, T., Belew, D., Alamerew, S., & Getachew, Y. (2014). Effects of planting time and mother bulb size on onion (Allium cepa L.) seed yield and quality at Kobo Woreda, Northern Ethiopia. International Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(5), 231–241. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijar.2014.231.241
Ashagrie, T., Belew, D., & Nebiyu, A. (2021). Influence of planting date and bulb size on yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) seed production. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 7(1), 1908656. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311932.2021.1908656
Gupta, K., Talwar, G., Jain, V., Dhawan, K., & Jain, S. (2003). Salad Crops | Root, Bulb, and Tuber Crops. In B. Caballero (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition (Second Edition) (pp. 5060–5073). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-12-227055-X/01040-3
Hakimi, S.S., Sherzad, F., Saharawat, Y., & Salari, H. (2017). Certified Seed Production Technology of Onion. Beirut, Lebanon: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/8157
Hakimi, S.S., Saharawat, Y., & Salari, H. (2019). Seed Testing Guidelines. Beirut, Lebanon: International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/9915
Hussain, S. W., Ishtiaq, M., & Hussain, S. A. (2001). Effect of different bulb sizes and planting dates on green leaf production of onion (Allium cepa L.). Journal of Biological Sciences, 1(5), 345–347. https://doi.org/10.3923/jbs.2001.345.347
Khodadadi, M. (2012). The effects of planting date and motheral bulb size on quantitative and qualitative seed traits of onion red rey variety. International Journal of Agriculture: Research and Review, 2(4), 324–327.
Khokhar, K. M. (2009). Effect of set-size and storage temperature on bolting, bulbing and seed yield in two onion cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 122(2), 187–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.05.008
Khokhar, K. M. (2014). Flowering and seed development in onion - A Review. Open Access Library Journal, 1(7), 720–726. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1101049
Manna, D. (2016). Quality seed production of onion (Allium Cepa L.) cv. Sukhsagar as influenced by bulb size and date of planting. Agricultural Research & Technology: Open Access Journal, 2(3). https://doi.org/10.19080/ARTOAJ.2016.02.555589
Mehri, S., Forodi, B. R., & Kashi, A. (2015). Onion planting date seed production morphological characteristics. TI Journals Agriculture Science Developments, 4(2), 19–21.
Mishra, J. S., Singh, V. P., & Yaduraju, N. (2002). Germination, growth and seed production of onion weed (Asphodelus tenuifolius) as influenced by dates of sowing and seeding depths. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 72(5), 298–300.
Mollah, M. R. A., Ali, M. A., Ahmad, M., Hassan, M. K., & Alam, M. J. (2015). Effect of planting dates on the yield and quality of true seeds of onion. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, 3(1), 67–72. https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i1.11847
Morozowska, M., & Hołubowicz, R. (2009). Effect of bulb size on selected morphological characteristics of seed stalks, seed yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) seeds. Folia Horticulturae, 21(1), 27–38. https://doi.org/10.2478/fhort-2013-0123
Mosleh UD Deen, M. D. (2008). Effect of mother bulb size and planting time on growth, bulb and seed yield of onion. Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research, 33(3), 531–537.
Pandey, S., & Singh, H. (2011). A simple, cost-effective method for leaf area estimation. Journal of Botany, 658240, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/658240
Power Data Access Viewer. (2021). Retrieved February 16, 2021, from https://power.larc.nasa.gov/data-access-viewer/
Rafieipour, M., Motallebi-Azar, A., Mahna, N., Kazemnia, H. D., Kazemiani, S., & Yarmohamadi, F. (2011). Evaluation of genetic variability of six Iranian landraces of onion (Allium cepa L.) for seed yield and yield components. Russian Agricultural Sciences, 37(5), 385–391. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068367411050181
Reghin, M. Y., Otto, R. F., Olinik, J. R., Jacoby, C. F. S., & Oliveira, R. P. de. (2005). Vernalization of bulbs and the effect on yield and physiological potential of onion seeds. Horticultura Brasileira, 23(2), 294–298. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-05362005000200026
Safi, Z., Khurram, S., & Shalizi, M. (2016). Wheat yield response to potassium sulfate supplemental doses in Urban Agriculture of Kabul, Afghanistan. Asian Journal of Science and Technology, 07, 3400–3405.
Salari, H., Antil, R.S. & Saharawat Y.S. (2021). Responses of onion growth and yield to different planting dates and land management practices. Agronomy Research, 19 (4), 1914-1928. https://doi.org/10.15159/AR.21.154
Salari, H., Hansra, B. S., & Saharwat, Y. S. (2020). Effect of cultural practices on quality and yield of onion (Allium cepa L. Var. Safid e Paisaye). Journal of Ecoscience and Plant Revolution, 1(1), 9–14. https://doi.org/10.37357/1068.jepr.1.1.02
Simon, T., Woldeselassie, A., & Teshome, H. (2015). A Study on impact of bulb treatment and spacing patterns on seed yield components of onion (Allium cepa var. Cepa) at Larena, Southern Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 5(9), 86–90.
Sunrise and sunset in Afghanistan. (2021). Worlddata.Info. Retrieved February 16, 2021, from https://www.worlddata.info/asia/afghanistan/sunset.php
Tesfaye, M., Belew, D., Dessalegn, Y., & Shumye, G. (2018). Effect of planting time on growth, yield components, seed yield and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) at Tehuledere district, northeastern Ethiopia. Agriculture & Food Security, 7(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-018-0178-0
Tungland, B. (2018). Chapter 8 - Nondigestible Fructans as Prebiotics. In B. Tungland (Ed.), Human Microbiota in Health and Disease (pp. 349–379). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814649-1.00008-9
UW220H Precision Scale from Shimadzu. (2021). Lab.Equipment. Retrieved April 4, 2021, from https://lab.equipment/uw220h-precision-scale-from-shimadzu
Watson, D. J. (1952). The Physiological Basis of Variation in Yield. In A. G. Norman (Ed.), Advances in Agronomy (Vol. 4, pp. 101–145). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60307-7
Woldeselassie, A. (2014). seed yield components of onion (Allium cepa var. Cepa) as Influenced by spacing patterns and bulb treatment at Larena. Advances in Life Science and Technology, 22, 48–52.
)