Pomology
Mehdi Kazemi; Mousa Rasouli; Masoumeh Maleki; Mohammad Abdoli; Majid Rostami-Borujeni
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to gain knowledge about the genetic reserves of native Iranian grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars and genotypes in tropical regions and to identify the best grapevine cultivars and genotypes existing in vineyards of Khuzestan province. Research Method: This study evaluated ...
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Purpose: This study aimed to gain knowledge about the genetic reserves of native Iranian grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars and genotypes in tropical regions and to identify the best grapevine cultivars and genotypes existing in vineyards of Khuzestan province. Research Method: This study evaluated the phenotypic diversity of 60 grapevine cultivars and genotypes existing in tropical, subtropical region of Khuzestan province in Iran. Findings: The result showed that the most descriptive statistics in the most important quantitative traits are related to fresh weight of bunch, bunch length, bunch width, the number of berries per bunch, berry length, berry width, protein content, total soluble solids and titratanbe acidity. The native Iranian grape cultivars and genotypes of Khuzestan province included 'Bangi', 'Soltani' and 'Yershi' as the earliest, Iranian cultivars including 'Yaghouti Ghermez', 'Yaghouti Sabz' and 'Asgari' as mid-ripening and foreign cultivars including 'Flame Seedless' and 'Perlette' as late ripening respectively. The results of factor analysis showed that the highest coefficients of eigenvectors in 7 main components are related to the most important traits including fresh weight of bunch, fresh weight of berries, berry diameter, berry length, the number of berries per bunch, protein content, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and the content of chlorophyll which accounted for 84.28% of the total variance variation. To group cultivars and genotypes based on investigated traits from cluster analysis by Ward’s method was used. Cultivars and genotypes were grouped in 9 main clusters in 5 Euclidean distances. Research limitations: No limitations were encountered. Originality/Value: In this research, the significant diversity of grapevine cultivars and genotypes existing in vineyards of Khuzestan province showed the superiority of native cultivars and genotypes such as 'Soltani', 'Bangi (Ghermez)' and 'Yershi' in some traits compared to other foreign cultivars.
Pomology
Abbas Mirblouk; Azam Jafari; Mohammad Reza Vazifeshenas; Jalal Gholamnezhad
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to improve yield, and characteristics of pistachio nuts of three cultivars by foliar application of volk oil and potassium nitrate. Research method: The study was carried out during the bud swelling stage using a factorial design, following a randomized complete block ...
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Purpose: The aim of this study was to improve yield, and characteristics of pistachio nuts of three cultivars by foliar application of volk oil and potassium nitrate. Research method: The study was carried out during the bud swelling stage using a factorial design, following a randomized complete block design with four replications. The experimental factors consisted of three cultivars, namely 'Fandoghi', 'Hasan-Abbasi', and 'Haj-Abdollahi', and three treatments: volk oil (1% and 2%), potassium nitrate (KNO3) (0.3% and 0.5%), and a mixture of volk oil and KNO3 (1% volk oil + 0.3% KNO3, and 1% volk oil + 0.5% KNO3). A control treatment was also included in the study. Findings: The results of this study showed that the highest percentage of open shell nuts (52.17%) was observed in ‘Hasan-Abbasi’ cultivar, and the highest fresh weight of 100 nuts in ‘Haj-Abdollahi’ (202.2 g). The lowest ounce (29.07), the highest dry weight of 100 nuts and 10 kernels weight were obtained 76.26 and 26.56 g in ‘Fandoghi’ cultivar, respectively. The use of 2% volk oil treatment was effective in budbreaking, as well as increasing the percentage of open shell nuts and reducing the percentage of balk nuts. Research limitations: There was no limitation. Originality/Value: 0.5 % KNO3 increased the fresh and dry weight of 100 nuts and decreased ounce of pistachio in all cultivars. Therefore, the use of volk oil and KNO3 treatments can be effective in pistachio orchards, and increase the quantity and quality of the yield.
Pomology
Saiyed Mohammad Mahdi Mirfatah; Mousa Rasouli; Mansour Gholami; Abbas Mirzakhani
Abstract
Purpose: Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most important horticultural products that are grown in different parts of Iran and has high nutritional values. In this study, the genetic diversity of cultivars and genotypes of some vineyards of Markazi province were investigated for the preliminary ...
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Purpose: Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most important horticultural products that are grown in different parts of Iran and has high nutritional values. In this study, the genetic diversity of cultivars and genotypes of some vineyards of Markazi province were investigated for the preliminary selection of superior cultivars and genotypes in terms of morphological and fruit characteristics for use in grape breeding programs. Research method: For this purpose, grouping and comparing 84 grape cultivars and genotypes were carried out using 70 traits including phenological and vegetative traits, trichome and stomata, bunch and berry traits. Findings: Based on the results, the “Sahebi Hazaveh” cultivar with 1000.17 g had highest an average bunch weight to compare other cultivars and genotypes. Results showed that, some traits such as bunch weight, bunch shoulders, fresh weight, rachis weight, the ratio of bunch weight to peduncle weight, the ratio of rachis weight to bunch weight, dry weight of bunch shoulders, length of the tail of bunch, berry weight, pedicel weight, seed weight and length of seed had a high coefficient of variation. Factor analysis reduced the evaluated traits to 10 main factors showed that they justified 78.38% of the total variance. Cluster analysis divided cultivars and genotypes into 4 main groups at five Euclidean distances. Limitations: No limitations were encountered. Originality/Value: This study indicated that grapes germplasm resources in zone are of noticeable diversities and can be promising for the utilization in the breeding programs. Based on the results, cultivars and genotypes of “Khalili Khondab” region, “Yaghouti”, “Sahebi”, “Fakhri”, “Kharvand” and “Kondori” Hazaveh region and “Sahebi” Aghbolagh region in leafing time, late flowering, sugar percentage, bunch and berry characteristics, stomatal density, standing and lying trichome density in leaves were superior to other cultivars and genotypes.
Pomology
Waleed Fouad Abobatta; Sobhy Mohamed Khalifa
Abstract
Purpose: Under fluctuations in climatic conditions, sustaining production with excellent fruit quality is the main objective of citrus producers in the arid regions. This experiment was conducted on twelve-year-old Valencia orange trees (Citrus sinensis L) budded on Volkamer lemon rootstock (Citrus volkameriana), ...
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Purpose: Under fluctuations in climatic conditions, sustaining production with excellent fruit quality is the main objective of citrus producers in the arid regions. This experiment was conducted on twelve-year-old Valencia orange trees (Citrus sinensis L) budded on Volkamer lemon rootstock (Citrus volkameriana), cultivated in sandy soil in the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Research method: This work studies the influence of hydrogel and irrigation intervals on the growth, yield, and fruit quality of Valencia orange trees. The experiment consists of four levels of hydrogel (0, 750, 1000, and 1250 g/tree) with three irrigation intervals (daily, day-by-day, and every 2 days) during three seasons (2020-2022). Findings: All applications affected tree canopy volume, shoot length, leaf number, yield (kg/tree), and the physical and chemical fruit characteristics. While, the application of 1000 g/tree hydrogel and every two-day irrigation interval produced the highest values when compared to other treatments during the experimental seasons. With respect to yield and fruit characteristics, treatment of 1250 g/tree hydrogel with irrigation day-by-day resulted in the highest tree yield (113.58 kg/tree) and total yield (18.74 tons/feddan) and improved various physical and chemical fruit characteristics. Research limitations: There was no limitation. Originality/Value: Hydrogel applications mitigated the impact of prolonging irrigation intervals on the vegetative growth, productivity, and fruit quality of the Valencia orange trees compared to untreated trees.
Pomology
Fahimeh Feyzi Laeen; Esmaeil Seifi; Feryal Varasteh; Khodayar Hemmati; Hosein Fereydooni
Abstract
Purpose: This research was carried out to investigate the physical and extensional properties of fruit peel in two commercially grown pomegranate cultivars across three distinct climatic conditions in Iran. Research method: Two pomegranate cultivars were examined in a factorial experiment in frame of ...
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Purpose: This research was carried out to investigate the physical and extensional properties of fruit peel in two commercially grown pomegranate cultivars across three distinct climatic conditions in Iran. Research method: Two pomegranate cultivars were examined in a factorial experiment in frame of completely randomized design across three producing regions, including Saveh, Sari, and Aliabad. Findings: The findings revealed that Yousefkhani had a higher crown diameter compared to Malas-e-Saveh. Among the regions studied, Saveh and Aliabad produced fruits with the highest and lowest fruit weight and percentage of membranous septum, respectively. Additionally, Sari and Aliabad, which have humid weather conditions, produced fruits with a lower crown diameter and membranous septum thickness compared to Saveh, which has dry weather conditions. Furthermore, the highest percentage of moisture in the fleshy mesocarp and peel and the lowest percentage of moisture in membranous septum were found in fruits cultivated in Sari and Aliabad, respectively. The results also showed that Malas-e-Saveh had the highest peel deformation in transversal oriented samples. Yousefkhani had a higher extension force compared to Malas-e-Saveh, while no significant difference was observed among regions or between the two sampling directions in these properties. Research limitations: None were found to report. Originality/Value: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that most pomegranate fruit characteristics were significantly influenced by cultivar and growing region. Yousefkhani exhibited a thicker peel, a higher percentage of fleshy mesocarp, and greater tolerance to extension force compared to Malas-e-Saveh.
Pomology
Ahmad Jihad Al-Aslan; Mahdi Alizadeh; Esmaeil Seifi; Moslem Jafari; Sadegh Atashi
Abstract
Purpose: Diverse commercial cultivars as well as wild pomegranate genotypes are widespread throughout Iran. Such diversity considered as backbone of breeding programs. This study was aimed to comparative analysis of fruit traits of eight local pomegranate cultivars and a well-known, commercially adapted, ...
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Purpose: Diverse commercial cultivars as well as wild pomegranate genotypes are widespread throughout Iran. Such diversity considered as backbone of breeding programs. This study was aimed to comparative analysis of fruit traits of eight local pomegranate cultivars and a well-known, commercially adapted, “Wonderful” cultivar. Research method: The fruits were harvested and transferred to the laboratory. The fruit, aril and skin parameters were measured and the data was analyzed as completely randomized design with three replications. Findings: The results clearly showed diverse differences among cultivars. The highest fruit weight, length, width, aril weight, aril diameter, aril fresh/dry weights, skin fresh/dry weights were found in “Gavkoshak”. The highest calyx length and skin thickness were recorded in “Galookandeh”. The “Torsh Oud”, “Faroogh”, “Galookandeh” and “Rubab” were detected to have hard seeds. The highest TSS, skin / aril anthocyanin and sucrose content were found in “Wonderful”. The maximum amount of glucose and fructose were observed in the “Rubab”. The results finally showed that “Gavkoshak” and “Rubab” cultivars had the greater ranks in terms of their physical fruit parameters. In terms of chemical properties, the best cultivars were “Wonderful” and “Rubab”. The “Rubab”, “Gavkoshak” and “Wonderful” are recommended as superior cultivars for either pomegranate production or future breeding programs. Limitations: There was no limitation. Originality/Value: The “Wonderful” is an introduced one and the comparative analysis of pomegranates of Fars origin concurrently with this new plant material would be valuable. Furthermore, the pomological traits of these local cultivars were not also studied earlier.
Pomology
Masoud Eskandari Torbaghan
Abstract
Purpose: Pistachio is one of the strategic products of Iran. To maintain the position of this strategic product in the global market and to increase its production, potential areas in other parts of the country should be identified and orchards with suitable cultivars should be developed. To this end ...
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Purpose: Pistachio is one of the strategic products of Iran. To maintain the position of this strategic product in the global market and to increase its production, potential areas in other parts of the country should be identified and orchards with suitable cultivars should be developed. To this end and to determine the adaptability of five pistachio cultivars with different climatic conditions of Khorasan-Razavi province, a trial was conducted. Research method: Cultivars including: Akbari, Fandoghi, Badami-Sefid, Ahmadaghaei and Kalleghoochi were investigated in seven selected orchards in Neyshabour, Bajestan, Torbat-e-Jam, Khoshab, Gonabad, Bardaskan and Mahvalaat cities in a RCBD during 2019-2021. Findings: Despite damages caused by storms, the Badami-Sefid cultivar had the highest yield in Bajestan. At Feyzabad the most product was Ahmadaghaei with 18 kg per tree, followed by Badami-Sefid and Akbari, followed by Kalleghoochi and Fandoghi with 9 kg/tree. But in other areas such as Gonabad, where strong winds blow normally, Ahmadaghaei, with strong cluster connected to the tree branch, and hence wind cannot cause much damage to the crop, seems suitable for cultivation, as well as Akbari. In case of the Akbari cultivar, its chilling requirement should be considered. Research limitations: More varieties of pistachios were not found in the orchards. Originality/Value: The results showed that Badami-Sefid cultivar due to its maximum height and width of the crown, high production capacity and adaptation to different climatic conditions of Khorasan province is suitable for areas of the country that are similar to the climatic conditions of Mahvalaat.
Pomology
Fereshteh Kamiab; Iraj Tavassolian; Mehdi Hosseinifarahi
Abstract
Purpose: Barberry has been used for many centuries due to its highly nutritious benefits, ornamental value, and medicinal properties. Iran is the largest producer of seedless barberry and this has been growing in various regions with dry climates, poor soil conditions and severe water shortages. Alternative ...
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Purpose: Barberry has been used for many centuries due to its highly nutritious benefits, ornamental value, and medicinal properties. Iran is the largest producer of seedless barberry and this has been growing in various regions with dry climates, poor soil conditions and severe water shortages. Alternative bearing is a frequent problem in seedless barberry production. To avoid it, thinning has been employed as a common cultural practice in orchard management. Research method: In this study, three chemical thinners including gibberellic acid (GA3) at 75, 100 and 150 mg/L, naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) at 10, 20 and 40 mg/L and ethephon at 50, 100 and 200 mg/L, and hand thinning (20%) were applied in a commercial orchard in Birjand, Iran, one week after petal fall. Thinning rate, quantitative and qualitative traits were investigated in comparison to the control in the split plot arrangement in a randomized complete block design during 2015 and 2016. Findings: Results showed that NAA at 10 mg/L caused the highest fruit abscission. Vegetative traits such as shoot length, number of leaves per shoot and leaf area showed significant increases under the treatments while shoot diameter had no significant difference with control. Chemical thinning remarkably enhanced the starch and sugar of the shoots, especially in “on” year (2015). The minimum chlorophyll content in “off” year was observed in control and the highest by NAA at 10 ppm. All the treatments increased seedless barberry shrub yield in the “off” year (2016). Biochemical traits such as ascorbic acid, total soluble solids, titratable acidity and anthocyanin improved in most treatments. Research limitations: No limitations were encountered. Originality/Value: To avoid alternative bearing in seedless barberry shrubs, thinning has been employed as a common cultural practice in orchard management. So, the application of NAA 10 mg/l is recommended for control of alternative bearing and also better fruit quality.
Pomology
Amel Lachkar; Khawla Amari; Imed Ben Atia
Abstract
Purpose: Organic apricots are perceived to be healthier than conventional ones. In Tunisia, comparative studies on the phytochemical properties of these fruits are scarce. This work aimed to identify organically grown apricot cultivar(s) with high nutritional value for human health. Phytochemical compounds ...
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Purpose: Organic apricots are perceived to be healthier than conventional ones. In Tunisia, comparative studies on the phytochemical properties of these fruits are scarce. This work aimed to identify organically grown apricot cultivar(s) with high nutritional value for human health. Phytochemical compounds of organically apricots in local (‘Oud Rhayem’, ‘Oud Hmida’ and ‘Oud Aouicha’) and introduced (‘Ninfa’ and ‘Mogador’) cultivars were investigated. Research Method: Polyphenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins and carotenoids analysis were performed for 3 lots of 10mixed fruits each. Findings: Significant variability in phytochemical properties was obtained between the studied cultivars. ‘Mogador’ was found to be superior for most phytochemical compounds: β-carotene (0.05mg/100g fresh mass), total phenolics (≥154 mg GAE/100 g of fresh mass) and total flavonoids (27mg catechin/100 g fresh mass). Furthermore, highest phenolics content was found in ‘Oud Aouicha’ and ‘Oud Hmida’ (≥160 mg GAE/100 g fresh mass). The highest anthocyanins content was obtained in ‘Oud Aouicha’ and ‘Ninfa’ (71 and 62.5 mg cyaniding-3-glucoside /100g fresh mass, respectively). In conclusion, ‘Mogador’ could be selected as the performing apricot genotype including the most phytochemicals components. Nevertheless, ‘Ninfa’, ‘Oud Aouicha’ and ‘Oud Hmida’ showed good accumulation of many antioxidant components. Research limitations: Further researches on other genotypes are required. Originality/Value: This study is original related to the phytochemical properties of local and introduced organic apricots. The results can be considered as a preliminary database of the nutritional facts of organic apricots and they could help breeders to select genotypes with large antioxidant capacity of fruit related to the health benefits.
Pomology
Walid Abidi; Rawaa Akrimi; Yolanda Gogorcena
Abstract
Purpose: Apricot production extends from the north to the south of Tunisia with many cultivars adapted to different local microclimates. This large extension of apricot is associated with an important genetic diversity, which is threatened to erosion. This study aims to select cultivars with enhanced ...
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Purpose: Apricot production extends from the north to the south of Tunisia with many cultivars adapted to different local microclimates. This large extension of apricot is associated with an important genetic diversity, which is threatened to erosion. This study aims to select cultivars with enhanced antioxidant capacity that will benefit consumers with health-promoting properties. Research Method: This study was conducted over three growing seasons (2016-2018) in flesh fruits nine apricot cultivars (‘Amor Leuch’, ‘Bakour’, ‘Búlida’, ‘Bayoudhi’, ‘Canino’, ‘Khit eloued’, ‘Khad hlima’, ‘Sayeb’ and ‘Wardi’). The experiment was established in private apricot orchard in the region of Hajeb Laayoun- Kairouan, west central Tunisia. Findings: Results showed that the fruit firmness ranged from 20.4 N in the cultivar ‘Sayeb’ to 32.5 N in the cultivar ‘Canino’. The soluble solids content varied from 10.2 °Brix in the cv. ‘Bakour’ to 15.0 °Brix in the cultivar ‘Bayoudhi’. A wide range of variability was found among the apricot cultivars with regard to the phenolic compounds content [32.7-71.5 mg GAE/100 g FW]. The cultivar ‘Khad Hlima’ presented the highest value of relative antioxidant capacity (366.8 μg Trolox Equivalents/g FW). Our study permits to select the cv. ‘Bakour’ with the needed precocity, the cv. ‘Canino’ with high firmness, the cv. ‘Bayoudhi’ with the highest SSC and the cv. ‘Khad Hlima’ with high nutritional quality. Research limitations: No limitations were found. Originality/Value: This study represents a valuable source of genotypes to be used in apricot breeding programs.
Pomology
Maryam Tatari; Daryoush Atashkar; Ayoubali Ghasemi
Abstract
Purpose: Selection and evaluation of imported cultivars is one of the main programs for the breeding of fruit trees, including pears. Comparison of quantitative and qualitative traits of imported cultivars and genotypes with available cultivars of each region is necessary to obtain superior cultivars ...
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Purpose: Selection and evaluation of imported cultivars is one of the main programs for the breeding of fruit trees, including pears. Comparison of quantitative and qualitative traits of imported cultivars and genotypes with available cultivars of each region is necessary to obtain superior cultivars and introduce them to producers. Research method: In this study, the growth and yield of 10 introduced Asian pear genotypes named Ks6, Ks7, Ks8, Ks9, Ks10, Ks12, Ks13 and Ks14 along with two European pear cultivars named 'Shahmiveh' and 'Spadona' as controls grafting on 'Dargazi' seedling rootstock were studied during five years (2015-2019) in the climatic conditions of Isfahan (Iran). Findings: The highest rootstock, grafting, and scion diameter as well as the highest tree height were observed in 'Shahmiveh' and 'Espadona' cultivars. Ks8 and Ks9 had the lowest rootstock and grafting diameter and Ks10 showed the lowest scion diameter and tree height. Two European pear cultivars, 'Shahmiveh' and 'Espadona', had lower yield and yield efficiency than Asian genotypes. The highest yield and yield efficiency belonged to Ks13 and Ks8, respectively. 'Shahmiveh' and Ks9 had the highest and lowest fruit dimensions, respectively. European cultivars had higher TSS than Asian genotypes. The highest and the lowest fruit firmness were observed in Ks13 and 'Shahmiveh', respectively. Research limitations: No limitations were found. Originality/Value: In general, Ks13 and Ks8 are recommended for cultivation and expansion in the climatic conditions of Isfahan due to their good yield and taste index.
Pomology
Azam Amiri; Seyed Mohammad Hassan Mortazavi; Mohammad Mahmoodi Sourestani; javad Mottaghipisheh
Abstract
Purpose: The optimum harvest maturity for growers is depended on both product and marketing conditions. Non-climacteric fruits, especially strawberries, are generally harvested in fully ripen stage. The appearance, firmness, and phytonutrient compositions consist the main quality parameters in this fruits. ...
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Purpose: The optimum harvest maturity for growers is depended on both product and marketing conditions. Non-climacteric fruits, especially strawberries, are generally harvested in fully ripen stage. The appearance, firmness, and phytonutrient compositions consist the main quality parameters in this fruits. In the present investigation, the strawberry fruits (Fragaria x ananassa Duch cv Camarosa) were harvested at seven different growth stages (50% growth, green, white, turning, 50% turning, ripening, over ripen) and evaluated for their physical and chemical characteristics. Research method: Correlation of parameters and growth stages were investigated by the statistical approach the principal component analysis (PCA). Findings: Results revealed an increase in the total soluble solids (TSS: 11.5 Brix) and decrease in titratable acidity (TA: 0.85 mg citric acid/100 g FW) and fruit firmness (1.27 N) parameters. The phenolic (151.43 mg GAE/g FW) and flavonoid contents (48.92 mg Q/100g FW) were decreased until turning stage, whilst the trend was increased afterwards. The vitamin C (AsA) amount was increased during ripening period, whereas it reached up to 42 mg ascorbic acid/100 g fresh weight in ripen fruit. The PCA plot indicated that increasing of the fruit ripening, TSS, AsA, and TAC (total anthocyanin concentrations) have been enhanced, although TA and Cl (chlorophyll) were declined. Research limitations: No limitations were encountered. Originality/Value: Optimum harvesting period is a considerable factor for both consumers and food industries, growth stages that it can be achieved to target production of fruits with stable and predicatble physical, chemical and phytochemical parameters.
Pomology
Ahmad Ahmadpoor; Meysam Salari; Seied Mehdi Miri
Abstract
Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of pruning and girdling on yield, fruit size and quality of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin (Citrus reticulate Blanco) trees during two seasons. Research method: The treatments included: control (unpruned and ungirdled trees), light pruning ...
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Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of pruning and girdling on yield, fruit size and quality of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin (Citrus reticulate Blanco) trees during two seasons. Research method: The treatments included: control (unpruned and ungirdled trees), light pruning (removal 10% of 15-20 cm branches), intense pruning (removal 20% of 15-20 cm branches), girdling (removal 5 mm trunk bark), light pruning + girdling, and intense pruning + girdling. The treatments were applied in on-years (2016 and 2018) and traits were measured in following season. Findings: Light pruning increased yield and fruit number by 170.4% and 191.5%, respectively, while fruit weight and volume slightly decreased by 7.2% and 12.4%%, respectively, compared to control. Fruit dimensions and, TSS and TA of fruit juice were not affected by treatments. However, TSS/TA ratio was significantly declined in both pruning treatments. In addition, vitamin C content of fruits decreased in pruned trees and light pruned + girdled trees compare to control. The yield was positively correlated with fruit number and negatively with fruit weight, fruit volume and vitamin C content. Limitations: Despite these findings, more research is needed to identify mechanisms of pruning and girdling on alternative bearing in citrus. Originality/Value: These results suggested that pruning alone or plus girdling of ‘Kinnow’ mandarin trees reduce competition for nutrients and induce accumulation of carbohydrates in branches, which enhanced yield of the next season.
Pomology
Amel Lachkar; Khawla Amari; Imed Ben Atia
Abstract
Purpose Organic farming system was considered to increase fruit quality and improve food safety. Moreover, many consumers prefer organic products due to their better taste. Among the Prunus species, apricot is well grown in the world due to its good taste and multi uses. Tunisian apricot cultivars are ...
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Purpose Organic farming system was considered to increase fruit quality and improve food safety. Moreover, many consumers prefer organic products due to their better taste. Among the Prunus species, apricot is well grown in the world due to its good taste and multi uses. Tunisian apricot cultivars are cultivated in many areas, well adapted and characterized by varied pomological characteristics. In fact, due to the demand of the fresh market, there is growing introduction of commercial cultivars with firmness, visual appeal and flavor as principal traits demanded. Here, we aimed to assess the quality of organic apricot among local and introduced cultivars, in order to identify the cultivar(s) with better fruit quality performances. Research method: For this purpose, morphological (attractiveness, shape, surface, ground color of skin, etc.) and physico-chemical (weight, width, TSS, titrable acidity, etc.) attributes of fruit were studied according to the international descriptors of apricot and to the other investigations on fruit quality. Findings: Few differences of morphological attributes but high significant differences for most physico-chemical attributes of organic fruit were observed between local and introduced apricot cultivars. The organic cultivation system promotes the production of high fruit quality (high value of TSS: > 13°Brix, low value of acidity and big size) for the 3 local cultivars. Limitations: No limitations were founded. Originality/Value: Compared to the introduced apricot cultivars, the local ones are characterized by the performances of their fruit quality and also by their best adaptation under organic cultivation system.
Pomology
Abdel-Reza Jamshidi; Ali Imani; Seied Mehdi Miri
Abstract
Purpose: Most almond cultivars grown in Iran exhibit gametophytic self-incompatibility. Therefore, they need to be pollinated by cross-compatible cultivars that bloom in the same time to produce commercial crop. One of the new almond genotypes is Karaj 33, which has very late flowering, high productivity, ...
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Purpose: Most almond cultivars grown in Iran exhibit gametophytic self-incompatibility. Therefore, they need to be pollinated by cross-compatible cultivars that bloom in the same time to produce commercial crop. One of the new almond genotypes is Karaj 33, which has very late flowering, high productivity, paper shell, high percentage of kernel to fruit, no double and twin kernel, and self-incompatible.Research method: In order to select the suitable pollinizer for ‘Karaj 33’, an experiment was conducted using fruit set under field conditions and fluorescence microscopy methods, in which Tuono, Shekofeh and H were evaluated as pollen donors. Findings: All almond cultivars/genotypes had high (80-85%) pollen germination. Tuono and H bloomed earlier (from 24th to 29th March), whereas Shekofeh and then Karaj 33 bloomed later (from 26th March to 1st April and 30th March to 3rd April, respectively). Cross-compatibility was confirmed in all the three cultivars/genotype by both methods. Shekofeh had almost overlapping flowering time with Karaj 33. The penetration rate of Shekofeh pollen tube was faster so that 96 h after cross-pollination, it reached the base of Karaj 33 style, while the other two reached 120 h later. The highest final fruit set was observed with the cross of Karaj 33 × Shekofeh. Research limitations: No limitations were found. Originality/Value: we can consider Shekofeh as a suitable pollinizer for Karaj 33.
Pomology
Abir Habib; Sihem Ben Maachia; Ali Sahli; Mounira Harbi Ben Slimane
Abstract
Purpose: A safeguard program was organized to prevent and protect the autochthon fruit species in El Jerid Oasis, Tunisia. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the grapevine varieties in these oases. Research method: A survey was conducted to detect the existing grape varieties and to count ...
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Purpose: A safeguard program was organized to prevent and protect the autochthon fruit species in El Jerid Oasis, Tunisia. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the grapevine varieties in these oases. Research method: A survey was conducted to detect the existing grape varieties and to count their stock. Ampelographic characterization of the bunch and berry (length, width, weight) and organoleptic analyzes (juice percentage, pH, TSS, titratable acidity) were measured for the most frequent founded vines. Findings: The study revealed a genetic wealth of vines in El Jerid Oasis, Tunisia represented by local and introduced table grapevines such as Muscat d'Italia, Cardinal, Superior Seedless, etc. The ampelographic characterization revealed medium-sized bunches for local varieties Chetoui, Arbi and Kahla and larger bunches for Muscat d'Italie, Sfaxi and Guelb Sardouk. Indeed, our grapevines were characterized by low weighted bunches. The varieties Guelb sardouk, Muscat d'Italie and Sfaxi showed berries with higher calibers and weights. The other studied vines had medium-sized and low-weighted berries. The local vines Kahla and Guelb Sardouk revealed fine-tasting berries with low sugar and acidity. Arbi and Sfaxi berries were richer in sugar with low acidity. Research limitations: No limitations were founded. Originality/Value: This study valorized the autochthone vines of El Jerid Oasis, Tunisia, by highlighting their fruit qualities, especially the taste. Therefore, the plantation of these autochthone vines should be favorized for grape table consumptions.
Pomology
Bipasha - Mallik; Md. Hossain; Md. Abdur Rahim
Abstract
Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the influences of variety and flowering time on physio-morphological and chemical characters of Dragon fruit. Research Method: Two varieties (BAU Dragon fruit 1 and BAU Dragon fruit 2) and four flowering times (May, June, July, and August) were selected for ...
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Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the influences of variety and flowering time on physio-morphological and chemical characters of Dragon fruit. Research Method: Two varieties (BAU Dragon fruit 1 and BAU Dragon fruit 2) and four flowering times (May, June, July, and August) were selected for this investigation. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with five replications. Findings: Significant variations were observed between two varieties of Dragon fruit. It was found that BAU Dragon fruit 2 exhibited better performances on studied parameters as compared to BAU Dragon fruit 1. It was observed that at 38 days after fruit setting (DAFS), BAU Dragon fruit 2 produced highest fruit length (10.01cm), fresh weight (307.94 g/fruit), dry weight (24.85 g/fruit), pulp weight (168.98 g/fruit), peel weight (91.32 g/fruit) and total soluble solids (TSS) (25.16% Brix) as compared to another variety. The combine effects of variety and flowering time showed that August flowering of BAU Dragon fruit 2 produced maximum fruit length (10.74 cm) and peel weight (115.65 g/fruit) while May flowering of BAU Dragon fruit 2 produced maximum fresh weight (456.50 g/fruit), pulp weight (302.12 g/fruit), moisture content (94.63%) and TSS (27.17 %Brix) as compared to other flowering time. In terms of time required to fruit maturity, August flowering BAU dragon fruit 2 matured earlier (30.6 days) than June flowering (35.04 days). Research limitations: Evaluation of more varieties of dragon fruit was a research limitation. Originality/value: These findings reveal that flowering time irrespective of variety has direct effects on fruit growth and development of Dragon fruit.
